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CEFR

Common European Framework of

Reference for Languages (CEFR)

One of the aims of the Common European Framework (CEFR) is to describe the levels of profi ciency
required by existing standards, tests and examinations in order to facilitate comparisons between

different systems of qualifi cations. For this purpose, the CEFR Levels have been developed. The
table below summarises the set of proposed CEFR Levels in single comprehensive paragraphs and
provides teachers and curriculum planners with orientation points.

CEFR LEVELS: Global Scale

C2 Can understand with ease virtually everything heard or read. Can summarise information from different
spoken and written sources, reconstructing arguments and accounts in a coherent presentation. Can
Proficient User C1 meaning even in more complex situations.
express himself/herself spontaneously, very fluently and precisely, differentiating finer shades of

Can understand a wide range of demanding, longer texts, and recognise implicit meaning. Can express
himself/herself fluently and spontaneously without much obvious searching for expressions. Can use
language flexibly and effectively for social, academic and professional purposes. Can produce clear,
well-structured, detailed text on complex subjects, showing controlled use of organisational patterns,
connectors and cohesive devices.

B2 Can understand the main ideas of complex text on both concrete and abstract topics, including technical
discussions in his/her field of specialisation. Can interact with a degree of fluency and spontaneity
Independent User B1 the advantages and disadvantages of various options.
that makes regular interaction with native speakers quite possible without strain for either party. Can
produce clear, detailed text on a wide range of subjects and explain a viewpoint on a topical issue giving

Can understand the main points of clear standard input on familiar matters regularly encountered in
work, school, leisure, etc. Can deal with most situations likely to arise whilst travelling in an area where
the language is spoken. Can produce simple connected text on topics which are familiar or of personal
interest. Can describe experiences and events, dreams, hopes and ambitions and briefly give reasons
and explanations for opinions and plans.

A2 Can understand sentences and frequently used expressions related to areas of most immediate
relevance (e.g. very basic personal and family information, shopping, local geography, employment).
Can communicate in simple and routine tasks requiring a simple and direct exchange of information on
Basic User A1 environment and matters in areas of immediate need.
familiar and routine matters. Can describe in simple terms aspects of his/her background, immediate

Can understand and use familiar everyday expressions and very basic phrases aimed at the satisfaction
of needs of a concrete type. Can introduce himself/herself and others and can ask and answer questions
about personal details such as where he/she lives, people he/she knows and things he/she has. Can
interact in a simple way provided the other person talks slowly and clearly and is prepared to help.

Throughout this catalogue, the correspondence of Vector books and materials to the CEFR is presented in order to facilitate teachers.

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